? serve the purpose of .... 有助于...(的目的)

3. 不利于......; 对.....有害 (经常用来论证disadvantage方面)

? be damaging/ detrimental /harmful/ disadvantageous/destructive to.....

[例句] Sitting in front of a screen for too long can be damaging to both the eyes and the physical posture of a young child. (C 6)

[例句] Over development is destructive to the financial system as well as the environment.

? destroy =impair =damage=hurt= undermine = jeopardize=spoil= ruin

这些动词都带有破坏，损害的意思。在很多情况下也可以换用。

? impair sth ( vt.) 损害;削弱;

harm sth / do harm to sth

hurt sth

[例句] Foreign competition has hurt the company’s position in the market. 来自国外的竞争已经对这家公司的市场地位造成损害。

? damage v.

damage sth (one’s health; reputation; career; confidence)

cause damage to ......

[例句] Incidents of this type cause irreparable damage to relations with the community. 此类事件对与该团体的关系造成不可挽回的伤害。

也常作名词使用，搭配成相应的短语词组

environmental damage 环境损害;破坏环境

serious damage 严重损害;严重损坏

brain damage 脑损伤

fatigue damage 疲劳损伤;疲劳损坏

? undermine sb’s confidence/authority/position/credibility etc

也用来指破坏,危害一直试图做成的事

? spoil v. 破坏,糟蹋 〔通常指破坏某事物的美或趣味等〕

[例句]The new buildings will spoil the view. 当地居民称新建筑会破坏景观

[例句]The whole park is spoiled by litter. 整个公园环境都给垃圾破坏了。

? pose a threat to 对…造成威胁

threaten sb/sth

[例句] Food shortages and escalating prices pose a threat to its food security. 食品短缺和不断上涨的食品价格对该国的食品安全构成了威胁。

? pose a challenge to ....

[例句] High unemployment rate could pose a challenge to social stability. 高失业率可能对社会稳定构成挑战。

4. 恶化，加剧，变严重

? deteriorates (vi.)

[例句] The ecological environment deteriorates gradually. 生态环境日趋恶化。

deterioration 常构成相应的短语词组

mental deterioration 精神衰退

intellectual deterioration 智力衰退

Credit deterioration 信用恶化

environmental deterioration 环境恶化

? aggravate (vt)

[例句] Their money problems were further aggravated by a rise in interest rates. 由于利率上调，他们的财务问题更加严重。

[例句] Stress and lack of sleep can aggravate the health problem. 紧张和缺少睡眠会使情况恶化。

? worsen vi/vt

Sth worsen

sth worsen it

5. 提高,加强: improve = enhance= promote = strengthen = optimize= stimulate =boost=increase

? improve 较通用，可作及物也可作不及物动词用。

Improve social skills/ English / efficiency / living standard

? enhance 提高( its value, quality, or attractiveness )

? promote 促进，增进

promote economic growth

Promote the cultural communication and interaction between....and.... (= contribute to/towards the mutual understanding )

另有晋升的意思someone is promoted

? strengthen 使变强;加强 ( 与weaken正好相反)

~Feeling /belief/ relationship感情/信仰/关系

~Team /army 增强团队/军队实力

~Financial situation (使)改善财政状况

? To optimize( a plan, system, or machine)使优化

6. 激发,鼓励: encourage = motivate = stimulate = spur=inspire =impel= prompt

? motivate sb to do sth 激励某人做某事

[例句] The profit-sharing plan is designed to motivate the staff to work hard. 利润分红计划旨在激励员工努力工作。

? stimulate sb to do sth

[例句] An inspiring teacher can stimulate students to succeed. 一位具启发能力的教师能够激励学生取得成功。

?spur sb (on) to do sth

[例句] His misfortunes spurred him to write. 他的不幸遭遇激励着他写作。

spur sb (on) to sth

[例句] The coach who spurred him on to Olympic success 鞭策他在奥运会上取得成功的教练

[例句] Lower taxes would spur investment and help economic growth. 降低税率将刺激投资，有助于经济增长。

? inspire sb to do sth 激发某人做某事

? impel sb to do sth 促使某人去做某事

[例句] It is the increasing peer pressure that impels many youngsters to start smoking or drinking at an early age. 越来越多的同龄人的压力迫使许多年轻人在很小的时候就开始抽烟或喝酒。

? prompt sb to do sth 促使某人做某事

7. 想要，渴望做某事：

一讲到想做某事时，学生们常会不由自主地想起want to do sth ;其实还有很多常见的相近表达

long to do sth/ Be eager to do sth/ Look forward to doing sth 渴望做某事

be desperate to do sth 极度渴望做某事

be determined to do sth 决心做某事

intend to do 想要去做某事，打算去做

be willing to do 乐意做某事

be more likely to do sth 更有可能做某事

tend to do sth 倾向做某事

8.完成: complete = fulfill = accomplish= achieve

? fulfill one’s potential

[例句]Employees may feel they cannot fulfill their professional potential when their work is not valued by their employers.(C7)

? achieve one’s potential

[相关词组延伸]

Restrict one’s potential 限制某人的潜力

Stifle creativity /imagination 扼杀创造力/想象力

Foster/stimulate creativity 培养/刺激创造力

9.减轻: ease = alleviate = relieve = lighten

? relieve one’s academic / financial /psychological burden 减轻学业/经济/心理负担

[例句] Part-time jobs help students to relieve their parents’ financial burdens. Nevertheless, working on a part-time basis may create psychological burdens for the students themselves.

? relieve poverty/pain/traffic congestion 缓解贫困/痛苦/交通拥堵

10. 解决问题

? 解决: solve = resolve = address = tackle

? 处理，应对 cope with = deal with=handle

take some measures to resolve/solve/address/ tackle the problem

当后面宾语加的是issue, problem的时候,这几个词基本上是可以互换的

其次常用的表达：

tackle/solve /address poverty, tackle/solve pollution

Solve a murder; solve a crime/ a case

address/solve/tackle challenges

以上十组表达在雅思写作中同学们可以熟练地运用起来，帮助自己表达清楚意思。返回搜狐，查看更多